GarryP Posted March 3, 2020 Share Posted March 3, 2020 Designer was used in the video and I’m pretty sure that the same workflow can be followed in all the Affinity applications but you will have to use the relevant menu choices for the Geometry operations instead of the Designer toolbar buttons. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuleaux_triangle Here’s how you can create a Reuleaux Triangle, see attached image and video below. (Apologies for the non-technical imprecise language.) 1. Make sure you have Snapping ON (you may need to put more snapping options ON than you normally have). 2. Draw a line which will be the bottom two points of the triangle. 3. Draw a circle with CTRL+SHIFT from a centre at one end of the line so that the edge of the circle meets the other end of the line. 4. Draw another circle the same way but from the other end of the line. 5. Draw a line from where the two circles intersect at the top to one end of the line. 6. Use the Move Tool (with SHIFT pressed) to resize the new line so it crosses the circle completely. 7. Draw a new circle with a centre at the intersection of the two circles at the top until the side of the new circle snaps to the same horizontal position as the end of the new line. 8. Delete both of the lines. 9. Select two circles and use Geometry Intersect. 10. Select both remaining shapes and use Geometry Intersect again. The attached image shows some examples of using the corner tool on the shape and some effects (Martin’s “Golden boy”). 2020-03-03_12-45-53.mp4 Mr. Doodlezz and jer 1 1 Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Move Along People Posted March 3, 2020 Share Posted March 3, 2020 - Pšenda, jer, Fred C and 1 other 3 1 Quote Move Along people,nothing to see here Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
GarryP Posted March 4, 2020 Author Share Posted March 4, 2020 (edited) That’s a nice quick way of getting a shape that’s similar to a Reulaeux Triangle but it might not be a good way to get an exact decent (see note) Reulaeux Triangle. A Reulaeux Triangle is a very specific geometric shape that I think would be difficult to create precisely using the polygon tool and would require some experimentation and/or mathematical calculations by the user. As you can see in my attached image, using the in-built functionality gives me an approximation of a Reulaeux Triangle (filled in orange) but the curves are wrong and I have had to manually scale the shape to fit by eye and it’s still not exact. (A curve of 46% is much closer but I still don’t know if it’s exactly right.) It’s good to have a way of doing something similar that’s quick but constructing it properly will get you the real thing. Also, learning to construct shapes, rather than letting the software do it, is good practice for when you need to create your own shapes that the software can’t create itself (which was sort of the point of the tutorial). Note: As explained below, this probably isn’t an exact Reulaeux Triangle but, I think, it’s probably close enough for most purposes. Edited March 7, 2020 by GarryP Added note. walt.farrell and Move Along People 1 1 Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
lepr Posted March 5, 2020 Share Posted March 5, 2020 On 3/4/2020 at 8:33 AM, GarryP said: A Reulaeux Triangle is a very specific geometric shape Current Affinity apps cannot draw true ellipses/circles/arcs, so your method in the opening post does not produce an exact Reuleaux Triangle. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
GarryP Posted March 6, 2020 Author Share Posted March 6, 2020 An interesting statement. Do you have any proof and/or reasoning to support it? Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
walt.farrell Posted March 6, 2020 Share Posted March 6, 2020 3 hours ago, GarryP said: An interesting statement. Do you have any proof and/or reasoning to support it? Try a Google search for site:forum.affinity.serif.com true circle One result that shows up at the top is this one: There are probably others of interest in the list, or possibly earlier in that thread (but other parts of that thread are confusing given anon2's prior deletion of much of their site content.) Quote -- Walt Designer, Photo, and Publisher V1 and V2 at latest retail and beta releases PC: Desktop: Windows 11 Pro 23H2, 64GB memory, AMD Ryzen 9 5900 12-Core @ 3.00 GHz, NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090 Laptop: Windows 11 Pro 23H2, 32GB memory, Intel Core i7-10750H @ 2.60GHz, Intel UHD Graphics Comet Lake GT2 and NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3070 Laptop GPU. Laptop 2: Windows 11 Pro 24H2, 16GB memory, Snapdragon(R) X Elite - X1E80100 - Qualcomm(R) Oryon(TM) 12 Core CPU 4.01 GHz, Qualcomm(R) Adreno(TM) X1-85 GPU iPad: iPad Pro M1, 12.9": iPadOS 17.7, Apple Pencil 2, Magic Keyboard Mac: 2023 M2 MacBook Air 15", 16GB memory, macOS Sonoma 14.7 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
GarryP Posted March 6, 2020 Author Share Posted March 6, 2020 (edited) Please forgive my ignorance but, for example, what is the difference between a circle drawn via the Ellipse Tool and a “true circle”? In other words, if I drew a circle with the Ellipse Tool and then draw a “true circle” on top of it, what difference(s) would I see? Edited March 6, 2020 by GarryP Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
lepr Posted March 6, 2020 Share Posted March 6, 2020 7 hours ago, GarryP said: Please forgive my ignorance but, for example, what is the difference between a circle drawn via the Ellipse Tool and a “true circle”? In other words, if I drew a circle with the Ellipse Tool and then draw a “true circle” on top of it, what difference(s) would I see? Unless you zoom in extremely closely, you won't see the Ellipse Tool's deviation from a true ellipse. To see for yourself that an Affinity "circle" isn't a true circle: use Designer for its Outline view mode for the clearest comparison of the curves draw a "circle" with Ellipse Tool press cmd+j to duplicate it zoom in as much as you want and see that the two curves overlap perfectly rotate the duplicate about its centre by 45 degrees now see that the curves deviate and cross each other at eight points Pšenda 1 Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Pšenda Posted March 6, 2020 Share Posted March 6, 2020 1 hour ago, anon2 said: at eight points Just add, that this corresponds to the fact that if you convert a circle / ellipse to a curve, it has four nodes (the resulting curve is composed of four Bezier curves). Quote Affinity Store (MSI/EXE): Affinity Suite (ADe, APh, APu) 2.4.0.2301 Dell OptiPlex 7060, i5-8500 3.00 GHz, 16 GB, Intel UHD Graphics 630, Dell P2417H 1920 x 1080, Windows 11 Pro, Version 23H2, Build 22631.3155. Dell Latitude E5570, i5-6440HQ 2.60 GHz, 8 GB, Intel HD Graphics 530, 1920 x 1080, Windows 11 Pro, Version 23H2, Build 22631.3155. Intel NUC5PGYH, Pentium N3700 2.40 GHz, 8 GB, Intel HD Graphics, EIZO EV2456 1920 x 1200, Windows 10 Pro, Version 21H1, Build 19043.2130. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
GarryP Posted March 7, 2020 Author Share Posted March 7, 2020 Ah, now that is interesting. I’ve attached a screen grab which shows two circles at 45 degrees rotation from each other at 40,000,001.1% zoom (I typed 40000000 but that’s the number the software came up with). The amount of deviation between any set of two points on the circles seems to be way less than 0.0001 of a millimetre but it’s there nonetheless. Whether someone may need to take this into account will be up to them I suppose. It’s good to learn new stuff. Thanks all for the explanations. (I’ve edited my earlier post accordingly.) Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Pšenda Posted March 7, 2020 Share Posted March 7, 2020 (edited) 1 hour ago, GarryP said: I’ve attached a screen grab which shows two circles at 45 degrees rotation from each other at 40,000,001.1% zoom (I typed 40000000 but that’s the number the software came up with). The amount of deviation between any set of two points on the circles seems to be way less than 0.0001 of a millimetre but it’s there nonetheless. Whether someone may need to take this into account will be up to them I suppose. I think the deviation is bigger. It should be noted that the Affinity circle is not a "circle", but rather a square with a lot of rounded corners (for illustration only 🙂 Thus, the greatest deviation between these shapes is at the breaking point, that is, the node location. In other places the deviation may be smaller or even zero. Here you can calculate / display the maximum deviation quite accurately. Edited March 7, 2020 by Pšenda Quote Affinity Store (MSI/EXE): Affinity Suite (ADe, APh, APu) 2.4.0.2301 Dell OptiPlex 7060, i5-8500 3.00 GHz, 16 GB, Intel UHD Graphics 630, Dell P2417H 1920 x 1080, Windows 11 Pro, Version 23H2, Build 22631.3155. Dell Latitude E5570, i5-6440HQ 2.60 GHz, 8 GB, Intel HD Graphics 530, 1920 x 1080, Windows 11 Pro, Version 23H2, Build 22631.3155. Intel NUC5PGYH, Pentium N3700 2.40 GHz, 8 GB, Intel HD Graphics, EIZO EV2456 1920 x 1200, Windows 10 Pro, Version 21H1, Build 19043.2130. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
GarryP Posted March 7, 2020 Author Share Posted March 7, 2020 I didn’t see that much deviation myself but I didn’t look at every point on the circles. Either way, the amount of deviation looks to be small enough that most people probably won’t notice a difference, but there could be times where any small difference may cause unexpected issues, Geometry functions for example. Maybe this should be noted in the Help just so users are made aware of potential problems. After all, the website does say that Designer “<maintains> 100 percent accurate geometry”. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Pšenda Posted March 7, 2020 Share Posted March 7, 2020 6 minutes ago, GarryP said: but I didn’t look at every point on the circles. Then you should not claim this. 1 hour ago, GarryP said: The amount of deviation between any set of two points on the circles You should be more careful about using the terms "exactly" and "any" :-) However, this does not change the fact that for an ordinary user this accuracy is more than sufficient. Quote Affinity Store (MSI/EXE): Affinity Suite (ADe, APh, APu) 2.4.0.2301 Dell OptiPlex 7060, i5-8500 3.00 GHz, 16 GB, Intel UHD Graphics 630, Dell P2417H 1920 x 1080, Windows 11 Pro, Version 23H2, Build 22631.3155. Dell Latitude E5570, i5-6440HQ 2.60 GHz, 8 GB, Intel HD Graphics 530, 1920 x 1080, Windows 11 Pro, Version 23H2, Build 22631.3155. Intel NUC5PGYH, Pentium N3700 2.40 GHz, 8 GB, Intel HD Graphics, EIZO EV2456 1920 x 1200, Windows 10 Pro, Version 21H1, Build 19043.2130. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
GarryP Posted March 7, 2020 Author Share Posted March 7, 2020 If you read what I said above, the text says “The amount of deviation between any set of two points on the circles seems to be way less...” This suggests that I didn’t make a complete and thorough survey and also allows for refutation. I think that’s a quite reasonable thing for me to be saying in the circumstances where I was zoomed in to 40,000,001.1% and checking every single part of the curves would have been quite a chore to undertake. I also think it should be noted that duplicating a circle and rotating the duplicate by 45 degrees clockwise does leave a shape, as per the attached image. I don’t think most users would expect this. Mr. Doodlezz 1 Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Gazpacho Posted March 9, 2020 Share Posted March 9, 2020 Thanks for the post, this really helps me a lot. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Mr. Doodlezz Posted March 15, 2020 Share Posted March 15, 2020 Hey guys, thanks, I learned something today! 😮 Now I just want to learn a few more things. Maybe I missed it, but what actually makes a real circle (apart from the fact that it is equally round no matter how you turn it)? Does it have to consist of only three nodes or could it still have four or more nodes (again, as long as it is still completely round)? Most important of all: How do I get, or rather, how do I achieve real circles at this point? Because ... OCD kicks in right now. 😅 Greetings MrDoodlezz Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
firstdefence Posted March 28, 2020 Share Posted March 28, 2020 Which apps can, do, draw true ellipses, circles and arcs? Quote iMac 27" 2019 Sequoia 15.0 (24A335), iMac 27" Affinity Designer, Photo & Publisher V1 & V2, Adobe, Inkscape, Vectorstyler, Blender, C4D, Sketchup + more... XP-Pen Artist-22E, - iPad Pro 12.9 (Please refrain from licking the screen while using this forum) Affinity Help - Affinity Desktop Tutorials - Feedback - FAQ - most asked questions Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Sauerstoff Posted July 27, 2020 Share Posted July 27, 2020 Circles seem quite perfect with Inkscape (I have not tested arcs and ellipses). Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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