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AFP v2 wandelt beim PDF-Export 100 % schwarze Schrift in eine 4C-Mischung um


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Liebe Expertinnen und Experten,

ich arbeite mit Affinity Publisher Version 2.1.1.1847 auf einem Windows-Desktop. Ich lege ein Dokument für den späteren Druck in einer Druckerei an mit den üblichen empfohlenen Einstellungen (siehe Anhang): CMYK/8, ISO Coated v2 300 % (ECI). 

Ich exportiere das Dokument nach PDF mit den Exporteinstellungen wie im Anhang dargestellt: Kompatibilität PDF/X-1a:2003, Farbraum wie Dokument, ICC-Profil Dokumentprofil verwenden, Neuberechnung bilinear. 

Nach dem Export überprüfe ich im Druckerei-PDF, ob die Schrift wirklich in 100 % Schwarz aufgebaut ist, und stelle fest, dass der Export sie in eine 4C-Mischung umgewandelt hat.

Ich habe bereits viele andere Exporteinstellungen ausprobiert, zum Beispiel Neuberechnung bikubisch und Kompatibilität PDF/X-3:2003 oder PDF/X-4, aber das Ergebnis ist jedes Mal dasselbe: Schriftart in 4C gewandelt.

Nun habe ich mehrere weitere Tests gemacht und folgendes festgestellt (nachzuvollziehen in der angehängten afpub-Datei):

Ich färbe eine Form in 100 % Schwarz ein -> diese wird in 100 % Schwarz exportiert.

Ich färbe die Schrift in 100 % Schwarz ein -> diese wird in 4C aufgelöst.

Ich färbe die Schrift in 99 % Schwarz ein -> diese wird in 99 % Schwarz exportiert.

Kann sich jemand einen Reim darauf machen? Ist das ein Fehler der Software? Ober habe ich irgendwo einen Fehler fabriziert?

Ich bedanke mich schon im Voraus für eure Unterstützung.

Thomas

AFP_211_1847_Dokumenteinstellungen.png

AFP_211_1847_Exporteinstellungen.png

AFP_211_1847_Schwarztest.afpub AFP_211_1847_Schwarztest.pdf

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Hi @Thomas S.,
willkommen in den Affinity Foren!

In welchem Programm checkst du die Farben? Ich kann zwar kein V2 Dokument öffnen doch dein PDF zeigt mir für die 3 Schwarz-Instanzen in Acrobat oder in APub geöffnet nur K an (ohne CMY).

In what app do you check the colours of the exported PDF? – Although I can't test a V2 document your PDF shows to me in both Acrobat and opened in APub V1 all three black instances as K only, no CMY.

schwarztestKonly.thumb.jpg.aa2e2342f16d75d93c1f2875cab27887.jpg

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Hallo @Thomas S. und willkommen im Forum,

Ich stimme @thomaso zu, wenn Sie Ihre PDF-Datei anzeigen, wird das Schwarz sowohl für das Rechteck als auch für den Text als Schwarz angezeigt, und zwar gemäß Ihrer Publisher-Datei ...

Da Sie mit PDF/X-1a exportieren, ist das Farbprofil ISO Coated v2 300 % (ECI) nicht eingebettet, sondern wird als „Rendering Intent“ in die Datei geschrieben.

________________________________

Hi @Thomas S. and welcome to the forums,

I concur with @thomaso, when viewing your PDF file the black shows as black for both the rectangle and the text and as per your Publisher file...

Because you're exporting using PDF/X-1a, the ISO Coated v2 300% (ECI) colour profile is not embedded but instead, it's written to the file as 'rendering intent'.

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26 minutes ago, Hangman said:

Da Sie mit PDF/X-1a exportieren, ist das Farbprofil ISO Coated v2 300 % (ECI) nicht eingebettet, sondern wird als „Rendering Intent“ in die Datei geschrieben.

As far I see Affinity always embeds the profile for PDF/X, additionally to the required Output Intent notification. (according to the activated but grayed-out embedding option.)

https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/using/output-intents-pdfs-acrobat-pro.html
https://helpx.adobe.com/de/acrobat/using/output-intents-pdfs-acrobat-pro.html

P.S.: what PDF viewer app do you use? It looks like an appealing alternative to Acrobat.

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Hallo Tomaso, hallo Hangman,

vielen Dank für eure schnelle Rückmeldung und eure Tests. Jetzt bin ich einesteils beruhigt, auf der anderen Seite irritiert. Ich verwende zur Überprüfung die Ausgabevorschau in Adobe Acrobat X Pro, Version 10.1.16. Da sieht es so aus wie auf dem beigefügten Bild. Kann es sein, dass so eine Software gar nicht für diesen Zweck taugt?

Gerade habe ich testweise die Farben CMY abgeschaltet. Dann zeigt er mir in der ersten Textzeile einen Schwarzwert von 94 % an, also das, was auch in der 4C-Mischung als Schwarzanteil angezeigt worden war. Die zweite Zeile bleibt richtigerweise bei 99 %. Das Quadrat hat weiterhin und richtigerweise 100 % Schwarz.

Kann ich also beruhigt meinen Auftrag in die Druckerei geben? Könnt ihr mir weiterhin eine Software empfehlen, die auch tatsächlich richtige Werte anzeigt? Und das möglichst preiswert.

Herzliche Grüße und vielen Dank

Thomas

Ausgabevorschau.png

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8 hours ago, thomaso said:

As far I see Affinity always embeds the profile for PDF/X, additionally to the required Output Intent notification. (according to the activated but grayed-out embedding option.)

This is from Adobe's website...

"There are two kinds of output intents: One includes an embedded device profile that defines the colour space of the destination device, such as U.S. Web Coated (SWOP) v2; the other is a name that defines the destination colour space and usually names a standard output condition. Using a named output intent rather than an embedded profile helps reduce the size of a PDF, but this is typically only possible for PDF/X-1a files, or PDF/X-3 files that do not contain colour-managed colour...

...In a PDF/X1-a workflow, the output intent describes the working CMYK space. In a PDF/X-3 workflow, the embedded ICC profile in the output intent is used to dynamically convert any objects with colour-managed colour to the colour space of the ICC profile in the output intent. In most cases this will be CMYK, but can also be RGB or Grayscale."

OutputIntent.png.28ba24ea9df25a281367b93cf16fea2c.png

 

 

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Hallo @Thomas S.,

Wenn Sie Ihr PDF in Publisher oder Designer öffnen, können Sie die Werte noch einmal überprüfen ...

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9 minutes ago, Hangman said:

This is from Adobe's website...

Yes, that is why I linked to the article. It seems to say that PDF/X can have the profile embedded but does not have to.

I have no doubt about the existence of an Output Intent in PDF/X (it is a requirement) but rather about your statement of a not-embedded version. The Affinity UI seems to force the embedding of the profile by its activated but grayed-out option. The PDF file size of 1.4 MB for this small vector file might indicate the embedded profile, too.

Daher ist es interessant, welchen PDF-Viewer @Thomas S. benutzt hat, um die Farben zu prüfen. Eventuell ignoriert das Programm sowohl den Output Intent als auch die eingebettete Profil-Version, aber ist dennoch fähig, Farbseparation anzuzeigen – was eine seltsame Kombination aus Mangel / Fehler und Feature wäre.

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19 minutes ago, Thomas S. said:

Wie gesagt, verwende ich zur Überprüfung des PDFs die Ausgabevorschau in Adobe Acrobat X Pro, Version 10.1.16

Oh, sorry, ich hatte deinen Antwort-Post komplett übersehen!

59 minutes ago, Thomas S. said:

Adobe Acrobat X Pro, Version 10.1.16. Da sieht es so aus wie auf dem beigefügten Bild. Kann es sein, dass so eine Software gar nicht für diesen Zweck taugt?

Doch, aber womöglich nicht mehr in dieser betagten Version. Ich mache damit gelegentlich die Erfahrung, dass best. Parameter weniger korrekt angezeigt werden als zB mit der Apple Vorschau.app. Warum wir beide mit derselben Version unterschiedliche Angaben bekommen kann ich nicht erklären, evtl. sind lokale Acrobat Systemdateien unterschiedlich oder fehlerhaft oder die macOS Version spielt eine zusätzliche Rolle. – Oder kommt ein Fehler beim manuellen Messen in Frage? Was siehst du, wenn du Schwarz deaktiviert + nur CMY aktiviert hast: dann müsste bereits das Layout-Bild sichtbar unterschiedliche Töne anzeigen.

Hangman hat vorhin als seine Alternative PackZ erwähnt. Wenn du eine Website angeben kannst, die deine grafische Berufstätigkeit belegt, kannst du dort eine kostenlose Version erhalten (sie verkaufen sie meines Wissens nicht).

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1 hour ago, thomaso said:

Yes, that is why I linked to the article. It seems to say that PDF/X can have the profile embedded but does not have to.

My understanding is, that doesn't apply to PDF/X-1a files...

This is from the PDFLib website...

"PDF/X-1a:2003 as defined in ISO 15930-4. This standard is based on PDF 1.4, with some features (e.g. transparency) prohibited. PDF/X-1a supports only CMYK and spot colours, but not modern colour management with ICC profiles. For this reason, PDF/X-1a is considered outdated."

PDFX1aColourRequirements.png.72e1f379e2c61739ac56091122c496b7.png

 

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Ich habe jetzt mal Schwarz deaktiviert, dann verschwinden sofort das Quadrat und die 99-prozentige Schwarzschrift. Die Zeile mit eigentlich 100 % Schwarz bleibt mit den restlichen Farben sichtbar (siehe angehängte Datei). 

Ausgabevorschau_CMY.png

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Wenn ich dem Tipp von Hangman folge und das PDF im Publisher öffne, sehe ich alle Farben ordnungsgemäß in 100 % Schwarz. Damit werde ich wohl künftig meine Exporte überprüfen.

Vielen Dank noch mal. Das war sehr hilfreich!

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22 minutes ago, Hangman said:

but not modern colour management with ICC profiles.

Whatever "modern" is meant to mean here, possibly they have RGB profiles in mind. It appears useful to prefer a PDF version and workflow that allows RGB, too, and leaves any colour conversion to the finally used print profile.

Colour managing has always been a main purpose of the PDF file format. Also, consider that your source "PDFLib" is a developer / provider for PDF software technology with a certain commercial interest. It may appear logical that they prefer to get rid of early PDF versions which may require additional work for any update of their software.

See what "prepressure" says about PDF/X-1a:

Quote

 

The file needs to contain an output intent that describes the intended printing condition. The output intent is either:

    • an ICC color profile. Profiles can be embedded or referenced.
    • an output condition identifier, which is simply a text description of the intended print specifications (e.g. FOGRA27).

 

You can do a simple test: export two PDF/X-1a with different document profiles / different Output Intents and compare their file sizes. In a nearly empty PDF the different sizes are caused by the different embedded profiles. For instance 51 kB versus 1.8 MB:

   generic cmyk profile.pdf

   pso coated v3.pdf

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41 minutes ago, Thomas S. said:

Wenn ich dem Tipp von Hangman folge und das PDF im Publisher öffne, sehe ich alle Farben ordnungsgemäß in 100 % Schwarz. Damit werde ich wohl künftig meine Exporte überprüfen.

Ja, die Methode hatte ich anfangs ja auch erwähnt – ich bin aber nicht sicher, ob sie grundsätzlich zuverlässig ist.

pdfopencolourspaceestimate.jpg.4242b195d72222d490944abe4a27f2b6.jpg  Mich irritiert, dass Affinity im Öffnen-Dialog von "Farbraum schätzen" spricht, während im Grunde ein eingebettetes Profil und vor allem ein eindeutiger, unmissverständlicher Output Intent bereits im Öffnen-Dialog textlich angezeigt werden könnten (ähnlich wie beim Umgang mit Schriftarten). Das "schätzen" klingt, als wären sich die Entwickler selbst nicht sicher, was genau sie mit dem Feature im Bezug auf Farben entwickelten.

Bei PDF/X kann man aber zumindest nach dem Öffnen prüfen, ob APub hier den Output Intent korrekt als Dokument-Profil erkannt und verwendet hat.

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Wie bei jedem Dokument in den Dokument-Eigenschaften:

documentsetupcolour.jpg.3ffb07fc21872d43a694b0d9458e2b0a.jpg

Wenn das dortige Profil mit dem beabsichtigten übereinstimmt, wird APub die Farbwerte entsprechend korrekt angeben.

Knifflig wird es, wenn du das Profil des PDF selbst nicht kennst und APub sich beim Öffnen "verschätzt" und für das zu öffnende Dokument eventuell das Profil verwendet, das du in den Programmvoreinstellungen eingetragen hast. Das kann man dann evtl. gegenchecken, indem man vor dem PDF-Öffnen ein anderes Profil in den Programm-Preferences wählt und sieht, ob sich das beim PDF-Öffnen auf das Dokumentprofil auswirkt.

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58 minutes ago, thomaso said:

Colour managing has always been a main purpose of the PDF file format. Also, consider that your source "PDFLib" is a developer / provider for PDF software technology with a certain commercial interest.

But equally, the library Affinity software uses...

59 minutes ago, thomaso said:

You can do a simple test: export two PDF/X-1a with different document profiles / different Output Intents and compare their file sizes. In a nearly empty PDF the different sizes are caused by the different embedded profiles. For instance 51 kB versus 1.8 MB:

If the two PDF/X-1a files you uploaded had 'embedded profiles' then you would be able to extract them using ExifTool but if you try to do so  you will see the result:

'0 output files created'

exiftool -icc_profile -b -w icc pso_coated_v3.pdf
exiftool -icc_profile -b -w icc generic_cmyk_profile.pdf

Do the same with a non-PDF/X compliant PDF file and you can extract and open the extracted, embedded ICC Profile using the ColorSync Utility.

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37 minutes ago, Hangman said:

If the two PDF/X-1a files you uploaded had 'embedded profiles' then you would be able to extract them using ExifTool but if you try to do so  you will see the result:

'0 output files created'

If ExifTool can't handle Affinity PDF/X-1a it doesn't necessarily mean that the two PDF don't have profiles embedded but could also be caused by a limited compatibility between ExifTool and these Affinity PDF. – What else do the two PDF contain in your eyes that causes the quite different file sizes?

You can do another test: Create an X-1a PDF with a certain profile that is not part of the Affinity app container but installed on your disk only. Then remove this profile from its according system folder, reboot and open the exported PDF in Affinity and check what profile it got set as document profile. If it opens with the removed profile it indicates that the profile comes embedded with the PDF, otherwise your Affinity couldn't use it.

Or try the attached PDF/X-1a (exported from a similar test weeks ago in a thread discussing whether .afpubs would have profiles embedded or not). It contains a profile you probably don't have installed and it will appear as document profile if you open this PDF in Affinity. Check the colours of the rectangular fields, especially the bottom right one, where dark green is noted as 100 K in the Colours Panel, then change the document profile to a more common one and you will see different colours and/or get different values. … which finally means this profile is embedded within the PDF, otherwise your Affinity couldn't use it to manipulate the colours this way.

CMYKcolorshift_X-1a.pdf

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3 hours ago, thomaso said:

Wenn das dortige Profil mit dem beabsichtigten übereinstimmt, wird APub die Farbwerte entsprechend korrekt angeben.

Knifflig wird es, wenn du das Profil des PDF selbst nicht kennst und APub sich beim Öffnen "verschätzt" und für das zu öffnende Dokument eventuell das Profil verwendet, das du in den Programmvoreinstellungen eingetragen hast. Das kann man dann evtl. gegenchecken, indem man vor dem PDF-Öffnen ein anderes Profil in den Programm-Preferences wählt und sieht, ob sich das beim PDF-Öffnen auf das Dokumentprofil auswirkt.

Perfekt. Herzlichen Dank. Meine PDFs haben genau das erwartete Profil, das ich bei Originaldokument eingestellt hatte. Ich werde meinen Druckauftrag jetzt einfach mal abgeben und gehe davon aus, dass die Schriften schwarz sind. Vorsichtshalber buche ich den technischen Check dazu.

Danke euch sehr für die vielen hilfreichen und für mich lehrreichen Informationen.

Thomas

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3 hours ago, thomaso said:

If ExifTool can't handle Affinity PDF/X-1a it doesn't necessarily mean that the two PDF don't have profiles embedded but could also be caused by a limited compatibility between ExifTool and these Affinity PDF

What in particular makes you think that ExifTool can't handle Affinity PDF/X-1a files, ExifTool is software agnostic by its very nature, it simply reads the Metadata for any file.

exiftool -icc_profile -b -w icc CMYKcolorshift_X-1a.pdf

Gives me the same result, i.e.,

'0 Ouput Files Created'

It shows 'colorshift' as the Output Condition Identifier, again there is no embedded profile shown. Whether or not Affinity software reads the Output Condition Identifier when opening PDF files, I really have no idea but it would make sense if it did...

 

colorshift.jpg.400b915eecbfb0f339c0d1b70e323d75.jpg

 

If you want to see the complete set of Metadata then obviously use...

exiftool -v CMYKcolorshift_X-1a.pdf

 

For a more definitive view, reviewing the 'PDF/X Output Intent without Embedded ICC Profile' in PDF Toolbox shows the same thing, i.e., an Output Intent referencing the ICC Output Profile, which in this instance is the 'colorshift' profile...

PDFOutputIntent.thumb.png.58a40ab13e5e3ad7d5d02bfd20313011.png

 

Analysing the elements in the PDF also suggest no Embedded profiles...

 

Unlike a PDF 1.4 file with an embedded profile...

 

Also, looking at ISO 15930 (PDF/X) would seem to suggest that colour-managed data isn't permitted in the PDF/X-1a:2003 specification... but equally, I've not read ISO 15930-4:2003, so I could just as easily be mistaken.

ISO15930.jpg.a33919c74e97927d1712801bcce64e16.jpg

 

Over and above that, I've pretty much exhausted my knowledge here... I could quite easily be wrong in my assumptions regarding embedded profiles in PDF/X-1a:2003 files, but the above is at least my current understanding and I'm more than happy to be corrected if my understanding and assumptions are incorrect... :)

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1 hour ago, Hangman said:

What in particular makes you think that ExifTool can't handle Affinity PDF/X-1a files,

My point of view / the answer is in the last part of your sentence: "ExifTool (…) simply reads the Metadata for any file."

While an Output Intent may be written or get read as Metadata (e.g. as a pure text hint), a profile itself doesn't have to be Metadata, too. I would not expect at all that this or another Metadata reader would be able to extract any data different than Metadata – as I would not expect a PDF reader to extract an embedded font file, or, simply would be able to extract the text containing in a PDF. With other words, the fact, that an app or tool does not extract parts of a file does not mean to me that this part would not exist in that file.

Remember what Phil Harvey replied some years ago: Exiftool's ability to extract a profile depends on the place where the profile is written within a PDF.
["The question is just where is the profile stored. (…) This turned out to be a real pain because for some reason the DefaultCMYK profile is stored in an array instead of a dictionary as the DefaultRGB profiles are."]

Besides Exiftool features or missing features: How do you interpret the different file sizes of the two sample PDF above (51 kB vs. 1.8 MB) if not caused by embedded profiles? And how do you interpret the ability of your Affinity to use the profile "colorshift … icc" of the PDF above if it is not embedded in the PDF? I assume, if you have that PDF opened in Affinity, then this profile will also be listed / offered when you create a new document – although you haven't literally installed this profile.

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Hi @thomaso,

If you examine the three files you provided in Professional PDF Preflight software, in this instance Callas PDFToolbox, but you will see the same in Acrobat Pro, you can see that all three clearly only have Output Intent with references to an ICC profile and no embedded ICC Profiles. If there were any embedded profiles they would be listed under the Colour Spaces section...

The ICC says the following in respect of Embedding and Referencing profiles...

"PDF/X files have a single Output Intent, in which the S key of the OutputIntents array is set to GTS_PDFX. PDF files conforming to PDF/X-1a and above should include either the name of a registered printing condition in the OutputConditionIdentifier key or an output profile in the DestOutputProfile key."

Your three files demonstrate those Output Intent conditions are met and reiterate the results shown using ExifTool but perhaps in a clearer way...

OutputIntent.thumb.png.aa09070c3e19eb9135f53595ec1fb13a.png

 

If I open your three files and export them as PDF 1.4 files with embedded document profiles, this is how they then appear, i.e., with no Output Intent but with their respective embedded profiles...

EmbeddedProfiles.thumb.png.9c0a1e34711fc293b07a5bc7ad2e45fa.png

 

On 7/5/2023 at 11:23 PM, thomaso said:

How do you interpret the different file sizes of the two sample PDF above (51 kB vs. 1.8 MB) if not caused by embedded profiles?

I really have no idea but my assumption would be that it's likely down to the complexity of the respective Output Intent Dictionary, in particular, the DestOutputProfileRef dictionary but I'm really guessing here...

In respect of Phil Harvey's comment, as you've probably surmised, Phil kindly added the ability to extract ICC Profiles from PDF files in ExifTool 11.66 based on a request I made. In light of your questions regarding the difference in file size, I've made a new post asking for clarification as to whether ExifTool is able to extract all the metadata from PDF/X files and asked if he has an explanation for the difference in file sizes. I also provided him with your three files so he can take a look. At the time of writing, I've yet to receive a reply but I'll update this thread if that changes...

 

On 7/5/2023 at 11:23 PM, thomaso said:

I assume, if you have that PDF opened in Affinity, then this profile will also be listed / offered when you create a new document – although you haven't literally installed this profile.

No, if I open your file CMYKcolorshift_X-1a.pdf file, while the [colorshift] Bisque - Mint - Pine - Scarlet_CMYK.icc profile for that specific file is shown as the Document Colour Profile (as expected) if I create a New Document (even with your file still open), the profile doesn't appear in the list of available Colour Profiles.

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4 hours ago, Hangman said:

If there were any embedded profiles they would be listed under the Colour Spaces section...

How do you know? – To me in a preflight for PDF/X the embedded profile gets displayed in the Output Intent section, while for non-X PDF the profile is shown indeed in the Colour Spaces section. So, the difference is rather the hierarchical structure than the content. For instance:

profileembedPDF-X-1apreflight.jpg.5da9ef16399454a5aea2760547691238.jpgprofileembedPDF1.7preflight.jpg.8417b43848ba9f1201471b1888ca35bb.jpg

Accordingly your quote says about embedding profile or not, especially for PDF/X-1a:

4 hours ago, Hangman said:

PDF files conforming to PDF/X-1a and above should include either the name of a registered printing condition in the OutputConditionIdentifier key or an output profile in the DestOutputProfile key."

either the nameor an output profile.

Nevertheless, if PDF/X-1a would not be able or allowed to have their profile embedded then it couldn't make sure to get their colours displayed and printed correctly on computers that don't have this profile installed – while colour consistency is a main goal of PDF.

5 hours ago, Hangman said:

if I open your file CMYKcolorshift_X-1a.pdf file, while the [colorshift] Bisque - Mint - Pine - Scarlet_CMYK.icc profile for that specific file is shown as the Document Colour Profile (as expected)

What colours do you see / values do you get and how do they change if you switch to RGB or a different CMYK profile with Assign and back to this "colorshift" profile. How would the change be managed if not by the embedded profile?

Your trials to extract the profile don't appear interesting or relevant in my eyes. Neither is the PDF format designed for profile extraction, nor does your, Phil's or mine in-ability to extract allow a reliable conclusion that a profile would not exist in the PDF. The ability to extract is hardly a condition for the existence of anything in a PDF, neither for fonts, layers, passwords, digital signatures nor colour profiles. Consider that profiles usually are available quite easy via download, thus there is no need for the PDF specification to get them written within a PDF as easy to extract – different to the its containing text or images, and different to metadata as text in an image file like lens, aperture, etc. or profile name for instance.

macOS 10.14.6 | MacBookPro Retina 15" | Eizo 27" | Affinity V1

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