Are you using your finger or an Apple Pencil? With my finger, simply pressing and holding never invokes the Colour Picker receptacle. With the Apple Pencil, there is a lot more movement as there is less friction than using a finger so it always invokes the receptacle.
I agree. Quite a few users are not currently happy with the order of the tools on the context bar. I'll pass this feedback on. I see no reason for it to not be present on the first context bar. Even on smaller screen iPad's there should be enough room.
The receptacle has the preview of the colour as you know, so it sounds like you're asking for a bigger preview over just having a thin circle outline in that colour?
In Preferences, you can go to Tools > Touch for gestures only. This will only work if you're using an Apple Pencil though. I think general palm rejection is an ongoing improvement for the Dev team at the moment.