Yes, kind of, I don't figure out how to choose the right artboard. It's always the first one which is placed.
But when I double-click the placed art in Publisher (namely artboard #1 of the Illustrator file), it opens a new tab named <Embedded> with all the artboards displayed as pages in the same order than in the illustrator file. So, as it looks like the PDF stream includes all the artboards in the right order and can display them, I guess there should be a way to choose a specific one to place. I tried to drag and drop one of these "embedded artboards/pages" on the tab of the main document but with no avail.